feat: telegram use parse mode ModeMarkdownV2 instead of ModeHTML (#1018)

* feat: telegram use parse mode ModeMarkdownV2 instead of ModeHTML

* handle expandable block quotation starts, add test for all md2 formats

* fix: linter issue

* feat: added flag use_markdown_v2, corrected config, updated
documentation

* move parseChatID to parser_markdown_to_html

* fix: tests and linter issues

* fix: case with ~

* test: fixed Test_markdownToTelegramMarkdownV2

* fix: regex block-quote line  >

* fix: linter issues

* fix: send chunk param mismatched, in edit msg use HTML parse mode too

* fix: remove from .gitignore redundant comment

.gitignore

@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ dist/
 # Windows Application Icon/Resource
 *.syso
 
+# Test telegram integration
+cmd/telegram/
+
 # Keep embedded backend dist directory placeholder in VCS
 !web/backend/dist/
 web/backend/dist/*

config/config.example.json

@@ -78,9 +78,8 @@
       "token": "YOUR_TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN",
       "base_url": "",
       "proxy": "",
-      "allow_from": [
+      "allow_from": ["YOUR_USER_ID"],
-        "YOUR_USER_ID"
+      "use_markdown_v2": false,
-      ],
       "reasoning_channel_id": ""
     },
     "discord": {

docs/chat-apps.md

@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ Talk to your picoclaw through Telegram, Discord, WhatsApp, Matrix, QQ, DingTalk,
     "telegram": {
       "enabled": true,
       "token": "YOUR_BOT_TOKEN",
-      "allow_from": ["YOUR_USER_ID"]
+      "allow_from": ["YOUR_USER_ID"],
+      "use_markdown_v2": false,
     }
   }
 }
@@ -63,6 +64,9 @@ Telegram command menu registration remains channel-local discovery UX; generic c
 
 If command registration fails (network/API transient errors), the channel still starts and PicoClaw retries registration in the background.
 
+**4. Advanced Formatting**
+You can set use_markdown_v2: true to enable enhanced formatting options. This allows the bot to utilize the full range of Telegram MarkdownV2 features, including nested styles, spoilers, and custom fixed-width blocks.
+
 </details>
 
 <details>

pkg/channels/telegram/parse_markdown_to_md_v2.go

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+package telegram
+
+import (
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// mdV2SpecialChars are all characters that must be escaped in Telegram MarkdownV2
+var mdV2SpecialChars = map[rune]bool{
+	'*':  true,
+	'_':  true,
+	'[':  true,
+	']':  true,
+	'(':  true,
+	')':  true,
+	'~':  true,
+	'`':  true,
+	'>':  true,
+	'<':  true,
+	'#':  true,
+	'+':  true,
+	'-':  true,
+	'=':  true,
+	'|':  true,
+	'{':  true,
+	'}':  true,
+	'.':  true,
+	'!':  true,
+	'\\': true,
+}
+
+// entityPattern describes one Telegram MarkdownV2 inline entity type.
+type entityPattern struct {
+	re    *regexp.Regexp
+	open  string
+	close string
+}
+
+// allEntityPatterns lists every recognized entity in priority order
+// (longer / more-specific delimiters first so they win over shorter ones).
+// Each entry's regex is anchored to find the first occurrence in a string.
+var allEntityPatterns = []entityPattern{
+	// fenced code block — content is completely verbatim
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile("(?s)```(?:[\\w]*\\n)?[\\s\\S]*?```"), open: "```", close: "```"},
+	// inline code — content is completely verbatim
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile("`(?:[^`\\\n]|\\\\.)*`"), open: "`", close: "`"},
+	// expandable block-quote opener  **>…
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)\*\*>(?:[^\n]*)`), open: "**>", close: ""},
+	// block-quote line  >…
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^>(?:[^\n]*)`), open: ">", close: ""},
+	// custom emoji / timestamp  ![…](…)   — must come before plain link
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile(`!\[[^\]]*\]\([^)]*\)`), open: "!", close: ""},
+	// inline URL / user mention  […](…)
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile(`\[[^\]]*\]\([^)]*\)`), open: "[", close: ""},
+	// spoiler  ||…||  — before single | so it wins
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile(`\|\|(?:[^|\\\n]|\\.)*\|\|`), open: "||", close: "||"},
+	// underline  __…__  — before single _ so it wins
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile(`__(?:[^_\\\n]|\\.)*__`), open: "__", close: "__"},
+	// bold  *…*
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile(`\*(?:[^*\\\n]|\\.)*\*`), open: "*", close: "*"},
+	// italic  _…_
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile(`_(?:[^_\\\n]|\\.)*_`), open: "_", close: "_"},
+	// strikethrough  ~…~
+	{re: regexp.MustCompile(`~(?:[^~\\\n]|\\.)*~`), open: "~", close: "~"},
+}
+
+// verbatimEntities are entity types whose inner content must never be
+// touched (code blocks, URLs, quotes, custom emoji).
+// Their content is passed through completely unchanged.
+var verbatimEntities = map[string]bool{
+	"```": true,
+	"`":   true,
+	"**>": true,
+	">":   true,
+	"!":   true,
+	"[":   true,
+}
+
+// markdownToTelegramMarkdownV2 converts a Markdown string into a string safe
+// for sending with Telegram's MarkdownV2 parse mode.
+//
+// Rules:
+//   - Markdown headings (# … ######) are converted to *bold*.
+//   - **bold** Markdown syntax is converted to *bold*.
+//   - Recognized Telegram MarkdownV2 entity spans are preserved; their inner
+//     content is processed recursively so that nested valid entities are kept
+//     intact while stray special characters are escaped.
+//   - All plain-text segments have their MarkdownV2 special characters escaped.
+//
+// Reference: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#formatting-options
+func markdownToTelegramMarkdownV2(text string) string {
+	// 1. Convert Markdown headings → *escaped heading text*
+	text = reHeading.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(match string) string {
+		sub := reHeading.FindStringSubmatch(match)
+		if len(sub) < 2 {
+			return match
+		}
+		// The heading content is fresh plain text — escape everything
+		// including * so the resulting *…* bold span stays valid.
+		return "*" + escapeMarkdownV2(sub[1]) + "*"
+	})
+
+	// 2. Convert **bold** → *bold*
+	text = reBoldStar.ReplaceAllString(text, "*$1*")
+
+	// 3. Recursively escape the full string.
+	return processText(text)
+}
+
+// processText walks `text`, finds the leftmost / longest matching entity,
+// escapes the gap before it, processes the entity (recursing into its inner
+// content when appropriate), then continues with the remainder.
+func processText(text string) string {
+	if text == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// Find the leftmost match among all entity patterns.
+	bestStart := -1
+	bestEnd := -1
+	var bestPat *entityPattern
+
+	for i := range allEntityPatterns {
+		p := &allEntityPatterns[i]
+		loc := p.re.FindStringIndex(text)
+		if loc == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if bestStart == -1 || loc[0] < bestStart ||
+			(loc[0] == bestStart && (loc[1]-loc[0]) > (bestEnd-bestStart)) {
+			bestStart = loc[0]
+			bestEnd = loc[1]
+			bestPat = p
+		}
+	}
+
+	if bestPat == nil {
+		// No entity found — escape everything.
+		return escapeMarkdownV2(text)
+	}
+
+	var b strings.Builder
+
+	// Plain text before the entity.
+	if bestStart > 0 {
+		b.WriteString(escapeMarkdownV2(text[:bestStart]))
+	}
+
+	// The matched entity span.
+	matched := text[bestStart:bestEnd]
+
+	if verbatimEntities[bestPat.open] {
+		// Code blocks, URLs, quotes: pass through completely untouched.
+		b.WriteString(matched)
+	} else {
+		// Inline formatting (bold, italic, underline, strikethrough, spoiler):
+		// keep the delimiters and recursively process the inner content so that
+		// nested entities survive but stray specials get escaped.
+		openLen := len(bestPat.open)
+		closeLen := len(bestPat.close)
+		inner := matched[openLen : len(matched)-closeLen]
+
+		b.WriteString(bestPat.open)
+		b.WriteString(processText(inner))
+		b.WriteString(bestPat.close)
+	}
+
+	// Continue with the remainder of the string.
+	b.WriteString(processText(text[bestEnd:]))
+
+	return b.String()
+}
+
+// escapeMarkdownV2 escapes every MarkdownV2 special character in a plain-text
+// segment (i.e. a segment that is not part of any recognized entity).
+// Already-escaped sequences (backslash + char) are forwarded verbatim to avoid
+// double-escaping.
+func escapeMarkdownV2(s string) string {
+	var b strings.Builder
+	b.Grow(len(s) + 8)
+	runes := []rune(s)
+	for i := 0; i < len(runes); i++ {
+		ch := runes[i]
+		// Forward an existing escape sequence verbatim.
+		if ch == '\\' && i+1 < len(runes) {
+			b.WriteRune(ch)
+			b.WriteRune(runes[i+1])
+			i++
+			continue
+		}
+		if mdV2SpecialChars[ch] {
+			b.WriteByte('\\')
+		}
+		b.WriteRune(ch)
+	}
+	return b.String()
+}

pkg/channels/telegram/parse_markdown_to_md_v2_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package telegram
+
+import (
+	_ "embed"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+//go:embed testdata/md2_all_formats.txt
+var md2AllFormats string
+
+func Test_markdownToTelegramMarkdownV2(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "heading -> bolding",
+			input:    `## HeadingH2 #`,
+			expected: "*HeadingH2 \\#*",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "strikethrough",
+			input:    "~strikethroughMD~",
+			expected: "~strikethroughMD~",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "inline URL",
+			input:    "[inline URL](http://www.example.com/)",
+			expected: "[inline URL](http://www.example.com/)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "all telegram formats",
+			input:    md2AllFormats,
+			expected: md2AllFormats,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "empty",
+			input:    "",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "one letter",
+			input:    "o",
+			expected: "o",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "",
+			input:    "*Last update: ~10 24h*",
+			expected: "*Last update: \\~10 24h*",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "",
+			input:    "<Market Capitalization>",
+			expected: "\\<Market Capitalization\\>",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			actual := markdownToTelegramMarkdownV2(tc.input)
+
+			require.EqualValues(t, tc.expected, actual)
+		})
+	}
+}

pkg/channels/telegram/parser_markdown_to_html.go

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package telegram
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func markdownToTelegramHTML(text string) string {
+	if text == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	codeBlocks := extractCodeBlocks(text)
+	text = codeBlocks.text
+
+	inlineCodes := extractInlineCodes(text)
+	text = inlineCodes.text
+
+	text = reHeading.ReplaceAllString(text, "$1")
+
+	text = reBlockquote.ReplaceAllString(text, "$1")
+
+	text = escapeHTML(text)
+
+	text = reLink.ReplaceAllString(text, `<a href="$2">$1</a>`)
+
+	text = reBoldStar.ReplaceAllString(text, "<b>$1</b>")
+
+	text = reBoldUnder.ReplaceAllString(text, "<b>$1</b>")
+
+	text = reItalic.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(s string) string {
+		match := reItalic.FindStringSubmatch(s)
+		if len(match) < 2 {
+			return s
+		}
+		return "<i>" + match[1] + "</i>"
+	})
+
+	text = reStrike.ReplaceAllString(text, "<s>$1</s>")
+
+	text = reListItem.ReplaceAllString(text, "• ")
+
+	for i, code := range inlineCodes.codes {
+		escaped := escapeHTML(code)
+		text = strings.ReplaceAll(text, fmt.Sprintf("\x00IC%d\x00", i), fmt.Sprintf("<code>%s</code>", escaped))
+	}
+
+	for i, code := range codeBlocks.codes {
+		escaped := escapeHTML(code)
+		text = strings.ReplaceAll(
+			text,
+			fmt.Sprintf("\x00CB%d\x00", i),
+			fmt.Sprintf("<pre><code>%s</code></pre>", escaped),
+		)
+	}
+
+	return text
+}
+
+type codeBlockMatch struct {
+	text  string
+	codes []string
+}
+
+func extractCodeBlocks(text string) codeBlockMatch {
+	matches := reCodeBlock.FindAllStringSubmatch(text, -1)
+
+	codes := make([]string, 0, len(matches))
+	for _, match := range matches {
+		codes = append(codes, match[1])
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	text = reCodeBlock.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(m string) string {
+		placeholder := fmt.Sprintf("\x00CB%d\x00", i)
+		i++
+		return placeholder
+	})
+
+	return codeBlockMatch{text: text, codes: codes}
+}
+
+type inlineCodeMatch struct {
+	text  string
+	codes []string
+}
+
+func extractInlineCodes(text string) inlineCodeMatch {
+	matches := reInlineCode.FindAllStringSubmatch(text, -1)
+
+	codes := make([]string, 0, len(matches))
+	for _, match := range matches {
+		codes = append(codes, match[1])
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	text = reInlineCode.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(m string) string {
+		placeholder := fmt.Sprintf("\x00IC%d\x00", i)
+		i++
+		return placeholder
+	})
+
+	return inlineCodeMatch{text: text, codes: codes}
+}
+
+func escapeHTML(text string) string {
+	text = strings.ReplaceAll(text, "&", "&amp;")
+	text = strings.ReplaceAll(text, "<", "&lt;")
+	text = strings.ReplaceAll(text, ">", "&gt;")
+	return text
+}

pkg/channels/telegram/telegram.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	reHeading    = regexp.MustCompile(`^#{1,6}\s+(.+)$`)
+	reHeading    = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^#{1,6}\s+([^\n]+)`)
 	reBlockquote = regexp.MustCompile(`^>\s*(.*)$`)
 	reLink       = regexp.MustCompile(`\[([^\]]+)\]\(([^)]+)\)`)
 	reBoldStar   = regexp.MustCompile(`\*\*(.+?)\*\*`)
@@ -170,6 +170,8 @@ func (c *TelegramChannel) Send(ctx context.Context, msg bus.OutboundMessage) err
 		return channels.ErrNotRunning
 	}
 
+	useMarkdownV2 := c.config.Channels.Telegram.UseMarkdownV2
+
 	chatID, threadID, err := parseTelegramChatID(msg.ChatID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid chat ID %s: %w", msg.ChatID, channels.ErrSendFailed)
@@ -188,11 +190,11 @@ func (c *TelegramChannel) Send(ctx context.Context, msg bus.OutboundMessage) err
 		chunk := queue[0]
 		queue = queue[1:]
 
-		htmlContent := markdownToTelegramHTML(chunk)
+		content := parseContent(chunk, useMarkdownV2)
 
-		if len([]rune(htmlContent)) > 4096 {
+		if len([]rune(content)) > 4096 {
 			runeChunk := []rune(chunk)
-			ratio := float64(len(runeChunk)) / float64(len([]rune(htmlContent)))
+			ratio := float64(len(runeChunk)) / float64(len([]rune(content)))
 			smallerLen := int(float64(4096) * ratio * 0.95) // 5% safety margin
 
 			// Guarantee progress: if estimated length is >= chunk length, force it smaller
@@ -201,7 +203,14 @@ func (c *TelegramChannel) Send(ctx context.Context, msg bus.OutboundMessage) err
 			}
 
 			if smallerLen <= 0 {
-				if err := c.sendHTMLChunk(ctx, chatID, threadID, htmlContent, chunk, replyToID); err != nil {
+				if err := c.sendChunk(ctx, sendChunkParams{
+					chatID:        chatID,
+					threadID:      threadID,
+					content:       content,
+					replyToID:     replyToID,
+					mdFallback:    chunk,
+					useMarkdownV2: useMarkdownV2,
+				}); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 				replyToID = ""
@@ -232,7 +241,14 @@ func (c *TelegramChannel) Send(ctx context.Context, msg bus.OutboundMessage) err
 			continue
 		}
 
-		if err := c.sendHTMLChunk(ctx, chatID, threadID, htmlContent, chunk, replyToID); err != nil {
+		if err := c.sendChunk(ctx, sendChunkParams{
+			chatID:        chatID,
+			threadID:      threadID,
+			content:       content,
+			replyToID:     replyToID,
+			mdFallback:    chunk,
+			useMarkdownV2: useMarkdownV2,
+		}); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		// Only the first chunk should be a reply; subsequent chunks are normal messages.
@@ -242,17 +258,31 @@ func (c *TelegramChannel) Send(ctx context.Context, msg bus.OutboundMessage) err
 	return nil
 }
 
-// sendHTMLChunk sends a single HTML message, falling back to the original
+type sendChunkParams struct {
-// markdown as plain text on parse failure so users never see raw HTML tags.
+	chatID        int64
-func (c *TelegramChannel) sendHTMLChunk(
+	threadID      int
-	ctx context.Context, chatID int64, threadID int, htmlContent, mdFallback string, replyToID string,
+	content       string
-) error {
+	replyToID     string
-	tgMsg := tu.Message(tu.ID(chatID), htmlContent)
+	mdFallback    string
-	tgMsg.ParseMode = telego.ModeHTML
+	useMarkdownV2 bool
-	tgMsg.MessageThreadID = threadID
+}
 
-	if replyToID != "" {
+// sendChunk sends a single HTML/MarkdownV2 message, falling back to the original
-		if mid, parseErr := strconv.Atoi(replyToID); parseErr == nil {
+// markdown as plain text on parse failure so users never see raw HTML/MarkdownV2 tags.
+func (c *TelegramChannel) sendChunk(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	params sendChunkParams,
+) error {
+	tgMsg := tu.Message(tu.ID(params.chatID), params.content)
+	tgMsg.MessageThreadID = params.threadID
+	if params.useMarkdownV2 {
+		tgMsg.WithParseMode(telego.ModeMarkdownV2)
+	} else {
+		tgMsg.WithParseMode(telego.ModeHTML)
+	}
+
+	if params.replyToID != "" {
+		if mid, parseErr := strconv.Atoi(params.replyToID); parseErr == nil {
 			tgMsg.ReplyParameters = &telego.ReplyParameters{
 				MessageID: mid,
 			}
@@ -260,15 +290,15 @@ func (c *TelegramChannel) sendHTMLChunk(
 	}
 
 	if _, err := c.bot.SendMessage(ctx, tgMsg); err != nil {
-		logger.ErrorCF("telegram", "HTML parse failed, falling back to plain text", map[string]any{
+		logParseFailed(err, params.useMarkdownV2)
-			"error": err.Error(),
+
-		})
+		tgMsg.Text = params.mdFallback
-		tgMsg.Text = mdFallback
 		tgMsg.ParseMode = ""
 		if _, err = c.bot.SendMessage(ctx, tgMsg); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("telegram send: %w", channels.ErrTemporary)
 		}
 	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -309,6 +339,7 @@ func (c *TelegramChannel) StartTyping(ctx context.Context, chatID string) (func(
 
 // EditMessage implements channels.MessageEditor.
 func (c *TelegramChannel) EditMessage(ctx context.Context, chatID string, messageID string, content string) error {
+	useMarkdownV2 := c.config.Channels.Telegram.UseMarkdownV2
 	cid, _, err := parseTelegramChatID(chatID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -317,10 +348,19 @@ func (c *TelegramChannel) EditMessage(ctx context.Context, chatID string, messag
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	htmlContent := markdownToTelegramHTML(content)
+	parsedContent := parseContent(content, useMarkdownV2)
-	editMsg := tu.EditMessageText(tu.ID(cid), mid, htmlContent)
+	editMsg := tu.EditMessageText(tu.ID(cid), mid, parsedContent)
-	editMsg.ParseMode = telego.ModeHTML
+	if useMarkdownV2 {
+		editMsg.WithParseMode(telego.ModeMarkdownV2)
+	} else {
+		editMsg.WithParseMode(telego.ModeHTML)
+	}
 	_, err = c.bot.EditMessageText(ctx, editMsg)
+	if err != nil {
+		logParseFailed(err, useMarkdownV2)
+		_, err = c.bot.EditMessageText(ctx, tu.EditMessageText(tu.ID(cid), mid, content))
+	}
+
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -668,6 +708,14 @@ func (c *TelegramChannel) downloadFile(ctx context.Context, fileID, ext string)
 	return c.downloadFileWithInfo(file, ext)
 }
 
+func parseContent(text string, useMarkdownV2 bool) string {
+	if useMarkdownV2 {
+		return markdownToTelegramMarkdownV2(text)
+	}
+
+	return markdownToTelegramHTML(text)
+}
+
 // parseTelegramChatID splits "chatID/threadID" into its components.
 // Returns threadID=0 when no "/" is present (non-forum messages).
 func parseTelegramChatID(chatID string) (int64, int, error) {
@@ -687,109 +735,18 @@ func parseTelegramChatID(chatID string) (int64, int, error) {
 	return cid, tid, nil
 }
 
-func markdownToTelegramHTML(text string) string {
+func logParseFailed(err error, useMarkdownV2 bool) {
-	if text == "" {
+	parsingName := "HTML"
-		return ""
+	if useMarkdownV2 {
+		parsingName = "MarkdownV2"
 	}
 
-	codeBlocks := extractCodeBlocks(text)
+	logger.ErrorCF("telegram",
-	text = codeBlocks.text
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s parse failed, falling back to plain text", parsingName),
-
+		map[string]any{
-	inlineCodes := extractInlineCodes(text)
+			"error": err.Error(),
-	text = inlineCodes.text
+		},
-
+	)
-	text = reHeading.ReplaceAllString(text, "$1")
-
-	text = reBlockquote.ReplaceAllString(text, "$1")
-
-	text = escapeHTML(text)
-
-	text = reLink.ReplaceAllString(text, `<a href="$2">$1</a>`)
-
-	text = reBoldStar.ReplaceAllString(text, "<b>$1</b>")
-
-	text = reBoldUnder.ReplaceAllString(text, "<b>$1</b>")
-
-	text = reItalic.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(s string) string {
-		match := reItalic.FindStringSubmatch(s)
-		if len(match) < 2 {
-			return s
-		}
-		return "<i>" + match[1] + "</i>"
-	})
-
-	text = reStrike.ReplaceAllString(text, "<s>$1</s>")
-
-	text = reListItem.ReplaceAllString(text, "• ")
-
-	for i, code := range inlineCodes.codes {
-		escaped := escapeHTML(code)
-		text = strings.ReplaceAll(text, fmt.Sprintf("\x00IC%d\x00", i), fmt.Sprintf("<code>%s</code>", escaped))
-	}
-
-	for i, code := range codeBlocks.codes {
-		escaped := escapeHTML(code)
-		text = strings.ReplaceAll(
-			text,
-			fmt.Sprintf("\x00CB%d\x00", i),
-			fmt.Sprintf("<pre><code>%s</code></pre>", escaped),
-		)
-	}
-
-	return text
-}
-
-type codeBlockMatch struct {
-	text  string
-	codes []string
-}
-
-func extractCodeBlocks(text string) codeBlockMatch {
-	matches := reCodeBlock.FindAllStringSubmatch(text, -1)
-
-	codes := make([]string, 0, len(matches))
-	for _, match := range matches {
-		codes = append(codes, match[1])
-	}
-
-	i := 0
-	text = reCodeBlock.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(m string) string {
-		placeholder := fmt.Sprintf("\x00CB%d\x00", i)
-		i++
-		return placeholder
-	})
-
-	return codeBlockMatch{text: text, codes: codes}
-}
-
-type inlineCodeMatch struct {
-	text  string
-	codes []string
-}
-
-func extractInlineCodes(text string) inlineCodeMatch {
-	matches := reInlineCode.FindAllStringSubmatch(text, -1)
-
-	codes := make([]string, 0, len(matches))
-	for _, match := range matches {
-		codes = append(codes, match[1])
-	}
-
-	i := 0
-	text = reInlineCode.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(m string) string {
-		placeholder := fmt.Sprintf("\x00IC%d\x00", i)
-		i++
-		return placeholder
-	})
-
-	return inlineCodeMatch{text: text, codes: codes}
-}
-
-func escapeHTML(text string) string {
-	text = strings.ReplaceAll(text, "&", "&amp;")
-	text = strings.ReplaceAll(text, "<", "&lt;")
-	text = strings.ReplaceAll(text, ">", "&gt;")
-	return text
 }
 
 // isBotMentioned checks if the bot is mentioned in the message via entities.

pkg/channels/telegram/telegram_test.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/bus"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/media"
 )
 
@@ -131,6 +132,7 @@ func newTestChannelWithConstructor(
 		BaseChannel: base,
 		bot:         bot,
 		chatIDs:     make(map[string]int64),
+		config:      config.DefaultConfig(),
 	}
 }
 

pkg/channels/telegram/testdata/md2_all_formats.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+*bold \*text*
+_italic \*text_
+__underline__
+~strikethrough~
+||spoiler||
+*bold _italic bold ~italic bold strikethrough ||italic bold strikethrough spoiler||~ __underline italic bold___ bold*
+[inline URL](http://www.example.com/)
+[inline mention of a user](tg://user?id=123456789)
+![👍](tg://emoji?id=5368324170671202286)
+![22:45 tomorrow](tg://time?unix=1647531900&format=wDT)
+![22:45 tomorrow](tg://time?unix=1647531900&format=t)
+![22:45 tomorrow](tg://time?unix=1647531900&format=r)
+![22:45 tomorrow](tg://time?unix=1647531900)
+`inline fixed-width code`
+```
+pre-formatted fixed-width code block
+```
+```python
+pre-formatted fixed-width code block written in the Python programming language
+```
+>Block quotation started
+>Block quotation continued
+>Block quotation continued
+>Block quotation continued
+>The last line of the block quotation
+**>The expandable block quotation started right after the previous block quotation
+>It is separated from the previous block quotation by an empty bold entity
+>Expandable block quotation continued
+>Hidden by default part of the expandable block quotation started
+>Expandable block quotation continued
+>The last line of the expandable block quotation with the expandability mark||

pkg/config/config.go

@@ -311,6 +311,7 @@ type TelegramConfig struct {
 	Typing             TypingConfig        `json:"typing,omitempty"`
 	Placeholder        PlaceholderConfig   `json:"placeholder,omitempty"`
 	ReasoningChannelID string              `json:"reasoning_channel_id"    env:"PICOCLAW_CHANNELS_TELEGRAM_REASONING_CHANNEL_ID"`
+	UseMarkdownV2      bool                `json:"use_markdown_v2"         env:"PICOCLAW_CHANNELS_TELEGRAM_USE_MARKDOWN_V2"`
 }
 
 type FeishuConfig struct {

pkg/config/defaults.go

@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ func DefaultConfig() *Config {
 					Enabled: true,
 					Text:    "Thinking... 💭",
 				},
+				UseMarkdownV2: false,
 			},
 			Feishu: FeishuConfig{
 				Enabled:           false,

pkg/migrate/sources/openclaw/openclaw_config.go

@@ -132,11 +132,12 @@ type OpenClawChannels struct {
 }
 
 type OpenClawTelegramConfig struct {
-	BotToken    *string  `json:"botToken"`
+	BotToken      *string  `json:"botToken"`
-	AllowFrom   []string `json:"allowFrom"`
+	AllowFrom     []string `json:"allowFrom"`
-	GroupPolicy *string  `json:"groupPolicy"`
+	GroupPolicy   *string  `json:"groupPolicy"`
-	DmPolicy    *string  `json:"dmPolicy"`
+	DmPolicy      *string  `json:"dmPolicy"`
-	Enabled     *bool    `json:"enabled"`
+	Enabled       *bool    `json:"enabled"`
+	UseMarkdownV2 *bool    `json:"useMarkdownV2"`
 }
 
 type OpenClawDiscordConfig struct {
@@ -645,10 +646,11 @@ type WhatsAppConfig struct {
 }
 
 type TelegramConfig struct {
-	Enabled   bool     `json:"enabled"`
+	Enabled       bool     `json:"enabled"`
-	Token     string   `json:"token"`
+	Token         string   `json:"token"`
-	Proxy     string   `json:"proxy"`
+	Proxy         string   `json:"proxy"`
-	AllowFrom []string `json:"allow_from"`
+	AllowFrom     []string `json:"allow_from"`
+	UseMarkdownV2 bool     `json:"use_markdown_v2"`
 }
 
 type FeishuConfig struct {
@@ -777,9 +779,11 @@ func (c *OpenClawConfig) convertChannels(warnings *[]string) ChannelsConfig {
 
 	if c.Channels.Telegram != nil {
 		enabled := c.Channels.Telegram.Enabled == nil || *c.Channels.Telegram.Enabled
+		useMarkdownV2 := c.Channels.Telegram.UseMarkdownV2 != nil && *c.Channels.Telegram.UseMarkdownV2
 		channels.Telegram = TelegramConfig{
-			Enabled:   enabled,
+			Enabled:       enabled,
-			AllowFrom: c.Channels.Telegram.AllowFrom,
+			AllowFrom:     c.Channels.Telegram.AllowFrom,
+			UseMarkdownV2: useMarkdownV2,
 		}
 		if c.Channels.Telegram.BotToken != nil {
 			channels.Telegram.Token = *c.Channels.Telegram.BotToken