diff --git a/.goreleaser.yaml b/.goreleaser.yaml
index 49d230506..90bdc8437 100644
--- a/.goreleaser.yaml
+++ b/.goreleaser.yaml
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ builds:
       - loong64
       - arm
     goarm:
-      - "7"             
+      - "7"
     main: ./cmd/picoclaw
     ignore:
       - goos: windows
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index a14723616..c7375a544 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -87,11 +87,46 @@ build: generate
 	@echo "Build complete: $(BINARY_PATH)"
 	@ln -sf $(BINARY_NAME)-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH) $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)
 
+## build-whatsapp-native: Build with WhatsApp native (whatsmeow) support; larger binary
+build-whatsapp-native: generate
+## @echo "Building $(BINARY_NAME) with WhatsApp native for $(PLATFORM)/$(ARCH)..."
+	@echo "Building for multiple platforms..."
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-amd64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=loong64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-loong64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=riscv64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-riscv64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=darwin GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-darwin-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-windows-amd64.exe ./$(CMD_DIR)
+## @$(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -tags whatsapp_native $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BINARY_PATH) ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	@echo "Build complete"
+##	@ln -sf $(BINARY_NAME)-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH) $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)
+
+## build-linux-arm: Build for Linux ARMv7 (e.g. Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W 32-bit)
+build-linux-arm: generate
+	@echo "Building for linux/arm (GOARM=7)..."
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm"
+
+## build-linux-arm64: Build for Linux ARM64 (e.g. Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W 64-bit)
+build-linux-arm64: generate
+	@echo "Building for linux/arm64..."
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64"
+
+## build-pi-zero: Build for Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W (32-bit and 64-bit)
+build-pi-zero: build-linux-arm build-linux-arm64
+	@echo "Pi Zero 2 W builds: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm (32-bit), $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 (64-bit)"
+
 ## build-all: Build picoclaw for all platforms
 build-all: generate
 	@echo "Building for multiple platforms..."
 	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
 	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-amd64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm ./$(CMD_DIR)
 	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
 	GOOS=linux GOARCH=loong64 $(GO) build $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-loong64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
 	GOOS=linux GOARCH=riscv64 $(GO) build $(LDFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-riscv64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 6f5cce4d0..b040d0605 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -154,10 +154,15 @@ make build
 # Build for multiple platforms
 make build-all
 
+# Build for Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W (32-bit: make build-linux-arm; 64-bit: make build-linux-arm64)
+make build-pi-zero
+
 # Build And Install
 make install
 ```
 
+**Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W:** Use the binary that matches your OS: 32-bit Raspberry Pi OS → `make build-linux-arm` (output: `build/picoclaw-linux-arm`); 64-bit → `make build-linux-arm64` (output: `build/picoclaw-linux-arm64`). Or run `make build-pi-zero` to build both.
+
 ## 🐳 Docker Compose
 
 You can also run PicoClaw using Docker Compose without installing anything locally.
@@ -288,12 +293,13 @@ That's it! You have a working AI assistant in 2 minutes.
 
 ## 💬 Chat Apps
 
-Talk to your picoclaw through Telegram, Discord, DingTalk, LINE, or WeCom
+Talk to your picoclaw through Telegram, Discord, WhatsApp, DingTalk, LINE, or WeCom
 
 | Channel      | Setup                              |
 | ------------ | ---------------------------------- |
 | **Telegram** | Easy (just a token)                |
 | **Discord**  | Easy (bot token + intents)         |
+| **WhatsApp** | Easy (native: QR scan; or bridge URL) |
 | **QQ**       | Easy (AppID + AppSecret)           |
 | **DingTalk** | Medium (app credentials)           |
 | **LINE**     | Medium (credentials + webhook URL) |
@@ -384,6 +390,33 @@ picoclaw gateway
 
 </details>
 
+<details>
+<summary><b>WhatsApp</b> (native via whatsmeow)</summary>
+
+PicoClaw can connect to WhatsApp in two ways:
+
+- **Native (recommended):** In-process using [whatsmeow](https://github.com/tulir/whatsmeow). No separate bridge. Set `"use_native": true` and leave `bridge_url` empty. On first run, scan the QR code with WhatsApp (Linked Devices). Session is stored under your workspace (e.g. `workspace/whatsapp/`). The native channel is **optional** to keep the default binary small; build with `-tags whatsapp_native` (e.g. `make build-whatsapp-native` or `go build -tags whatsapp_native ./cmd/...`).
+- **Bridge:** Connect to an external WebSocket bridge. Set `bridge_url` (e.g. `ws://localhost:3001`) and keep `use_native` false.
+
+**Configure (native)**
+
+```json
+{
+  "channels": {
+    "whatsapp": {
+      "enabled": true,
+      "use_native": true,
+      "session_store_path": "",
+      "allow_from": []
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+If `session_store_path` is empty, the session is stored in `&lt;workspace&gt;/whatsapp/`. Run `picoclaw gateway`; on first run, scan the QR code printed in the terminal with WhatsApp → Linked Devices.
+
+</details>
+
 <details>
 <summary><b>QQ</b></summary>
 
@@ -1070,7 +1103,11 @@ picoclaw agent -m "Hello"
       "allow_from": [""]
     },
     "whatsapp": {
-      "enabled": false
+      "enabled": false,
+      "bridge_url": "ws://localhost:3001",
+      "use_native": false,
+      "session_store_path": "",
+      "allow_from": []
     },
     "feishu": {
       "enabled": false,
diff --git a/cmd/picoclaw/internal/gateway/helpers.go b/cmd/picoclaw/internal/gateway/helpers.go
index b1735c7ab..baa489b92 100644
--- a/cmd/picoclaw/internal/gateway/helpers.go
+++ b/cmd/picoclaw/internal/gateway/helpers.go
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	_ "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels/telegram"
 	_ "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels/wecom"
 	_ "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels/whatsapp"
+	_ "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels/whatsapp_native"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/cron"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/devices"
diff --git a/config/config.example.json b/config/config.example.json
index 12292f67d..8a8077cd0 100644
--- a/config/config.example.json
+++ b/config/config.example.json
@@ -79,6 +79,8 @@
     "whatsapp": {
       "enabled": false,
       "bridge_url": "ws://localhost:3001",
+      "use_native": false,
+      "session_store_path": "",
       "allow_from": [],
       "reasoning_channel_id": ""
     },
@@ -273,4 +275,4 @@
     "host": "127.0.0.1",
     "port": 18790
   }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/docs/design/issue-783-investigation-and-fix-plan.zh.md b/docs/design/issue-783-investigation-and-fix-plan.zh.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1c9fc1e70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/design/issue-783-investigation-and-fix-plan.zh.md
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# Issue #783 调研与修复执行文档
+
+## 1. 问题澄清（已确认）
+
+- 现象：当 `agents.*.model.primary/fallbacks` 使用 `model_name` 别名（如 `step-3.5-flash`）时，fallback 链路将别名当作真实 `provider/model` 解析，导致 `provider` 可能为空、`model` 可能错误。
+- 根因：`ResolveCandidates` 仅对字符串做 `ParseModelRef`，未先通过 `model_list` 将别名映射到真实 `model` 字段。
+- 影响：
+  - fallback 执行可能把别名直接发给 OpenAI-compatible provider，触发 `Unknown Model`。
+  - `defaults.provider` 为空时，日志出现 `provider=` 空值。
+
+## 2. 本次目标
+
+- 修复 fallback 候选解析：优先通过 `model_list` 解析别名。
+- 兼容旧行为：若未命中 `model_list`，继续走原有 `ParseModelRef` 兜底。
+- 补充测试：覆盖别名、嵌套路径模型（如 `openrouter/stepfun/...`）、空默认 provider。
+- 验证代码风格：与当前仓库风格保持一致（命名、错误处理、测试结构）。
+
+## 3. 联网最佳实践调研结论（已完成）
+
+- [x] 查阅 OpenAI-compatible 网关（如 OpenRouter）对 `model` 字段的推荐处理。
+- [x] 查阅多 provider/fallback 设计最佳实践（候选解析、日志可观测性）。
+- [x] 将外部建议映射为本仓库可执行约束。
+
+外部参考要点（来自 OpenRouter/LiteLLM/Cloudflare AI Gateway 等官方文档）：
+
+- 优先显式配置，不依赖字符串切分推断 provider。
+- 对网关模型标识应保留完整路径语义，避免截断导致 Unknown Model。
+- fallback 与 primary 应复用同一解析策略，避免“主路径正确、降级路径错误”。
+
+参考链接：
+
+- OpenRouter Provider Routing: https://openrouter.ai/docs/guides/routing/provider-selection
+- OpenRouter Model Fallbacks: https://openrouter.ai/docs/guides/routing/model-fallbacks
+- OpenRouter Chat Completion API: https://openrouter.ai/docs/api-reference/chat-completion
+- LiteLLM Router Architecture: https://docs.litellm.ai/docs/router_architecture
+- Cloudflare AI Gateway Chat Completion: https://developers.cloudflare.com/ai-gateway/usage/chat-completion/
+
+与本仓库对应的可执行约束：
+
+- 在 fallback candidate 构建阶段先做 `model_name -> model_list.model` 映射。
+- 未命中映射时保留旧解析行为，保证兼容性。
+- 用新增测试锁定“别名 + 嵌套模型路径 + 空默认 provider”场景。
+
+## 4. 实施步骤（顺序执行）
+
+- [x] Step 1: 对齐现有代码模式，定位最小改动点（`pkg/agent` + `pkg/providers`）。
+- [x] Step 2: 实现“基于 model_list 的 fallback 候选解析”。
+- [x] Step 3: 增加/更新单元测试，覆盖 issue 场景。
+- [x] Step 4: 代码风格一致性复核（与现有文件风格对照）。
+- [x] Step 5: 运行质量门禁（LSP + `make check`）。
+
+## 5. 执行记录
+
+- 状态：已完成
+- 已完成改动：
+  - `pkg/providers/fallback.go`：新增 `ResolveCandidatesWithLookup`，并保持 `ResolveCandidates` 向后兼容。
+  - `pkg/agent/instance.go`：在构建 fallback candidates 前，优先通过 `model_list` 解析别名，并对无协议模型补齐默认 `openai/` 前缀后再解析。
+  - `pkg/providers/fallback_test.go`：新增别名解析与去重测试。
+  - `pkg/agent/instance_test.go`：新增 agent 侧别名解析到嵌套模型路径、无协议模型解析测试。
+- 风格对齐检查（完成）：与 `pkg/providers/fallback_test.go`、`pkg/providers/model_ref_test.go` 现有模式一致。
+- 质量验证（完成）：先 `make generate`，后 `make check` 全量通过。
diff --git a/docs/troubleshooting.md b/docs/troubleshooting.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..219d2c6e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/troubleshooting.md
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Troubleshooting
+
+## "model ... not found in model_list" or OpenRouter "free is not a valid model ID"
+
+**Symptom:** You see either:
+
+- `Error creating provider: model "openrouter/free" not found in model_list`
+- OpenRouter returns 400: `"free is not a valid model ID"`
+
+**Cause:** The `model` field in your `model_list` entry is what gets sent to the API. For OpenRouter you must use the **full** model ID, not a shorthand.
+
+- **Wrong:** `"model": "free"` → OpenRouter receives `free` and rejects it.
+- **Right:** `"model": "openrouter/free"` → OpenRouter receives `openrouter/free` (auto free-tier routing).
+
+**Fix:** In `~/.picoclaw/config.json` (or your config path):
+
+1. **agents.defaults.model** must match a `model_name` in `model_list` (e.g. `"openrouter-free"`).
+2. That entry’s **model** must be a valid OpenRouter model ID, for example:
+   - `"openrouter/free"` – auto free-tier
+   - `"google/gemini-2.0-flash-exp:free"`
+   - `"meta-llama/llama-3.1-8b-instruct:free"`
+
+Example snippet:
+
+```json
+{
+  "agents": {
+    "defaults": {
+      "model": "openrouter-free"
+    }
+  },
+  "model_list": [
+    {
+      "model_name": "openrouter-free",
+      "model": "openrouter/free",
+      "api_key": "sk-or-v1-YOUR_OPENROUTER_KEY",
+      "api_base": "https://openrouter.ai/api/v1"
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+Get your key at [OpenRouter Keys](https://openrouter.ai/keys).
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 9bca4c127..d7f9b1901 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.5.3
 	github.com/larksuite/oapi-sdk-go/v3 v3.5.3
+	github.com/mdp/qrterminal/v3 v3.2.1
 	github.com/mymmrac/telego v1.6.0
 	github.com/open-dingtalk/dingtalk-stream-sdk-go v0.9.1
 	github.com/openai/openai-go/v3 v3.22.0
@@ -18,16 +19,40 @@ require (
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.10.2
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
 	github.com/tencent-connect/botgo v0.2.1
+	go.mau.fi/whatsmeow v0.0.0-20260219150138-7ae702b1eed4
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.35.0
 	golang.org/x/time v0.14.0
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11
+	modernc.org/sqlite v1.46.1
 )
 
 require (
+	filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/beeper/argo-go v1.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/coder/websocket v1.8.14 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/elliotchance/orderedmap/v3 v3.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.14 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
+	github.com/ncruces/go-strftime v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/petermattis/goid v0.0.0-20260113132338-7c7de50cc741 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20230129092748-24d4a6f8daec // indirect
+	github.com/rs/zerolog v1.34.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.10 // indirect
+	github.com/vektah/gqlparser/v2 v2.5.27 // indirect
+	go.mau.fi/libsignal v0.2.1 // indirect
+	go.mau.fi/util v0.9.6 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20260212183809-81e46e3db34a // indirect
+	golang.org/x/term v0.40.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.34.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
+	modernc.org/libc v1.67.6 // indirect
+	modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1 // indirect
+	modernc.org/memory v1.11.0 // indirect
+	rsc.io/qr v0.2.0 // indirect
 )
 
 require (
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index dfb477e51..941ab67ce 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -1,10 +1,20 @@
 cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.3.0/go.mod h1:zFmK7XCadkQkj6TtorcaGlCW1hT1fIilQDwofLpJ20k=
+filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 h1:FNf4tywRC1HmFuKW5xopWpigGjJKiJSV0Cqo0cJWDaA=
+filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0/go.mod h1:BxyFTGdWcka3PhytdK4V28tE5sGfRvvvRV7EaN4VDT4=
+github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock v1.5.2 h1:OcvFkGmslmlZibjAjaHm3L//6LiuBgolP7OputlJIzU=
+github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock v1.5.2/go.mod h1:88MAG/4G7SMwSE3CeA0ZKzrT5CiOU3OJ+JlNzwDqpNU=
 github.com/adhocore/gronx v1.19.6 h1:5KNVcoR9ACgL9HhEqCm5QXsab/gI4QDIybTAWcXDKDc=
 github.com/adhocore/gronx v1.19.6/go.mod h1:7oUY1WAU8rEJWmAxXR2DN0JaO4gi9khSgKjiRypqteg=
+github.com/agnivade/levenshtein v1.2.1 h1:EHBY3UOn1gwdy/VbFwgo4cxecRznFk7fKWN1KOX7eoM=
+github.com/agnivade/levenshtein v1.2.1/go.mod h1:QVVI16kDrtSuwcpd0p1+xMC6Z/VfhtCyDIjcwga4/DU=
+github.com/andreyvit/diff v0.0.0-20170406064948-c7f18ee00883 h1:bvNMNQO63//z+xNgfBlViaCIJKLlCJ6/fmUseuG0wVQ=
+github.com/andreyvit/diff v0.0.0-20170406064948-c7f18ee00883/go.mod h1:rCTlJbsFo29Kk6CurOXKm700vrz8f0KW0JNfpkRJY/8=
 github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0 h1:ukwgCxwYrmACq68yiUqwIWnGY0cTPox/M94sVwToPjQ=
 github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0/go.mod h1:rzTDkvFWvIrjDXZHkuS16NPggd91W3kUSvPlQ1pLaKY=
 github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-go v1.22.1 h1:xbsc3vJKCX/ELDZSpTNfz9wCgrFsamwFewPb1iI0Xh0=
 github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-go v1.22.1/go.mod h1:WTz31rIUHUHqai2UslPpw5CwXrQP3geYBioRV4WOLvE=
+github.com/beeper/argo-go v1.1.2 h1:UQI2G8F+NLfGTOmTUI0254pGKx/HUU/etbUGTJv91Fs=
+github.com/beeper/argo-go v1.1.2/go.mod h1:M+LJAnyowKVQ6Rdj6XYGEn+qcVFkb3R/MUpqkGR0hM4=
 github.com/bwmarrin/discordgo v0.29.0 h1:FmWeXFaKUwrcL3Cx65c20bTRW+vOb6k8AnaP+EgjDno=
 github.com/bwmarrin/discordgo v0.29.0/go.mod h1:NJZpH+1AfhIcyQsPeuBKsUtYrRnjkyu0kIVMCHkZtRY=
 github.com/bytedance/gopkg v0.1.3 h1:TPBSwH8RsouGCBcMBktLt1AymVo2TVsBVCY4b6TnZ/M=
@@ -25,12 +35,19 @@ github.com/chzyer/test v1.0.0 h1:p3BQDXSxOhOG0P9z6/hGnII4LGiEPOYBhs8asl/fC04=
 github.com/chzyer/test v1.0.0/go.mod h1:2JlltgoNkt4TW/z9V/IzDdFaMTM2JPIi26O1pF38GC8=
 github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.6 h1:t11wG9AECkCDk5fMSoxmufanudBtJ+/HemLstXDLI2M=
 github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.6/go.mod h1:OFcloc187FXDaYHvrNIjxSe8ncn0OOM8gEHfghB2IPU=
+github.com/coder/websocket v1.8.14 h1:9L0p0iKiNOibykf283eHkKUHHrpG7f65OE3BhhO7v9g=
+github.com/coder/websocket v1.8.14/go.mod h1:NX3SzP+inril6yawo5CQXx8+fk145lPDC6pumgx0mVg=
+github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.5.0/go.mod h1:Y58oyj3AT4RCenI/lSvhwexgC+NSVTIJ3seZv2GcEnc=
 github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.6/go.mod h1:oOW0eioCTA6cOiMLiUPZOpcVxMig6NIQQ7OS05n1F4g=
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@@ -42,6 +59,7 @@ github.com/go-resty/resty/v2 v2.17.1/go.mod h1:kCKZ3wWmwJaNc7S29BRtUhJwy7iqmn+2m
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@@ -63,6 +81,8 @@ github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0 h1:wk8382ETsv4JYUZwIsn6YpYiWiBsYLSJiTsyBybVuN8=
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@@ -72,6 +92,8 @@ github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.5.3 h1:saDtZ6Pbx/0u+bgYQ3q96pZgCzfhKXGPqt7kZ72aN
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@@ -91,8 +113,21 @@ github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 h1:5Nx0Ya0ZqY2ygV366QzturHI13Jq95ApcVaJBhpS+AY=
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@@ -105,13 +140,23 @@ github.com/open-dingtalk/dingtalk-stream-sdk-go v0.9.1 h1:Lb/Uzkiw2Ugt2Xf03J5wmv
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@@ -153,11 +198,19 @@ github.com/valyala/fasthttp v1.69.0 h1:fNLLESD2SooWeh2cidsuFtOcrEi4uB4m1mPrkJMZy
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@@ -171,10 +224,14 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5y
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.16.0/go.mod h1:gCAAfMLgwOJRpTjQ2zCCt2OcSfYMTeZVSRtQlPC7Nq4=
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+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20260212183809-81e46e3db34a h1:ovFr6Z0MNmU7nH8VaX5xqw+05ST2uO1exVfZPVqRC5o=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20260212183809-81e46e3db34a/go.mod h1:K79w1Vqn7PoiZn+TkNpx3BUWUQksGO3JcVX6qIjytmA=
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@@ -217,8 +274,11 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210615035016-665e8c7367d1/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220310020820-b874c991c1a5/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
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+golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
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+golang.org/x/sys v0.12.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
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@@ -227,6 +287,8 @@ golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210927222741-03fcf44c2211/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuX
 golang.org/x/term v0.5.0/go.mod h1:jMB1sMXY+tzblOD4FWmEbocvup2/aLOaQEp7JmGp78k=
 golang.org/x/term v0.8.0/go.mod h1:xPskH00ivmX89bAKVGSKKtLOWNx2+17Eiy94tnKShWo=
 golang.org/x/term v0.15.0/go.mod h1:BDl952bC7+uMoWR75FIrCDx79TPU9oHkTZ9yRbYOrX0=
+golang.org/x/term v0.40.0 h1:36e4zGLqU4yhjlmxEaagx2KuYbJq3EwY8K943ZsHcvg=
+golang.org/x/term v0.40.0/go.mod h1:w2P8uVp06p2iyKKuvXIm7N/y0UCRt3UfJTfZ7oOpglM=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.6/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
@@ -234,6 +296,8 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.9.0/go.mod h1:e1OnstbJyHTd6l/uOt8jFFHp6TRDWZR/bV3emEE/zU8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
+golang.org/x/text v0.34.0 h1:oL/Qq0Kdaqxa1KbNeMKwQq0reLCCaFtqu2eNuSeNHbk=
+golang.org/x/text v0.34.0/go.mod h1:homfLqTYRFyVYemLBFl5GgL/DWEiH5wcsQ5gSh1yziA=
 golang.org/x/time v0.14.0 h1:MRx4UaLrDotUKUdCIqzPC48t1Y9hANFKIRpNx+Te8PI=
 golang.org/x/time v0.14.0/go.mod h1:eL/Oa2bBBK0TkX57Fyni+NgnyQQN4LitPmob2Hjnqw4=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
@@ -243,6 +307,8 @@ golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20201224043029-2b0845dc783e/go.mod h1:emZCQorbCU4vsT4f
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20210106214847-113979e3529a/go.mod h1:emZCQorbCU4vsT4fOWvOPXz4eW1wZW4PmDk9uLelYpA=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.1.12/go.mod h1:hNGJHUnrk76NpqgfD5Aqm5Crs+Hm0VOH/i9J2+nxYbc=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Xwgl3UAJ/d3gWutnCtw505GrjyAbvKui8lOU390QaIU=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.42.0 h1:uNgphsn75Tdz5Ji2q36v/nsFSfR/9BRFvqhGBaJGd5k=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.42.0/go.mod h1:Ma6lCIwGZvHK6XtgbswSoWroEkhugApmsXyrUmBhfr0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20190717185122-a985d3407aa7/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
@@ -255,6 +321,8 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.21.0/go.mod h1:47Nbq4nVaFHyn7ilMalzfO3qCViNmqZ2kzi
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11 h1:fV6ZwhNocDyBLK0dj+fg8ektcVegBBuEolpbTQyBNVE=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11/go.mod h1:HTf+CrKn2C3g5S8VImy6tdcUvCska2kB7j23XfzDpco=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c h1:Hei/4ADfdWqJk1ZMxUNpqntNwaWcugrBjAiHlqqRiVk=
@@ -269,3 +337,33 @@ gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0/go.mod h1:RDklbk79AGWmwhnvt/jBztapEOGDOx6ZbXqjP6csGnQ=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
+modernc.org/cc/v4 v4.27.1 h1:9W30zRlYrefrDV2JE2O8VDtJ1yPGownxciz5rrbQZis=
+modernc.org/cc/v4 v4.27.1/go.mod h1:uVtb5OGqUKpoLWhqwNQo/8LwvoiEBLvZXIQ/SmO6mL0=
+modernc.org/ccgo/v4 v4.30.1 h1:4r4U1J6Fhj98NKfSjnPUN7Ze2c6MnAdL0hWw6+LrJpc=
+modernc.org/ccgo/v4 v4.30.1/go.mod h1:bIOeI1JL54Utlxn+LwrFyjCx2n2RDiYEaJVSrgdrRfM=
+modernc.org/fileutil v1.3.40 h1:ZGMswMNc9JOCrcrakF1HrvmergNLAmxOPjizirpfqBA=
+modernc.org/fileutil v1.3.40/go.mod h1:HxmghZSZVAz/LXcMNwZPA/DRrQZEVP9VX0V4LQGQFOc=
+modernc.org/gc/v2 v2.6.5 h1:nyqdV8q46KvTpZlsw66kWqwXRHdjIlJOhG6kxiV/9xI=
+modernc.org/gc/v2 v2.6.5/go.mod h1:YgIahr1ypgfe7chRuJi2gD7DBQiKSLMPgBQe9oIiito=
+modernc.org/gc/v3 v3.1.1 h1:k8T3gkXWY9sEiytKhcgyiZ2L0DTyCQ/nvX+LoCljoRE=
+modernc.org/gc/v3 v3.1.1/go.mod h1:HFK/6AGESC7Ex+EZJhJ2Gni6cTaYpSMmU/cT9RmlfYY=
+modernc.org/goabi0 v0.2.0 h1:HvEowk7LxcPd0eq6mVOAEMai46V+i7Jrj13t4AzuNks=
+modernc.org/goabi0 v0.2.0/go.mod h1:CEFRnnJhKvWT1c1JTI3Avm+tgOWbkOu5oPA8eH8LnMI=
+modernc.org/libc v1.67.6 h1:eVOQvpModVLKOdT+LvBPjdQqfrZq+pC39BygcT+E7OI=
+modernc.org/libc v1.67.6/go.mod h1:JAhxUVlolfYDErnwiqaLvUqc8nfb2r6S6slAgZOnaiE=
+modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1 h1:GCZVGXdaN8gTqB1Mf/usp1Y/hSqgI2vAGGP4jZMCxOU=
+modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1/go.mod h1:4p5IwJITfppl0G4sUEDtCr4DthTaT47/N3aT6MhfgJg=
+modernc.org/memory v1.11.0 h1:o4QC8aMQzmcwCK3t3Ux/ZHmwFPzE6hf2Y5LbkRs+hbI=
+modernc.org/memory v1.11.0/go.mod h1:/JP4VbVC+K5sU2wZi9bHoq2MAkCnrt2r98UGeSK7Mjw=
+modernc.org/opt v0.1.4 h1:2kNGMRiUjrp4LcaPuLY2PzUfqM/w9N23quVwhKt5Qm8=
+modernc.org/opt v0.1.4/go.mod h1:03fq9lsNfvkYSfxrfUhZCWPk1lm4cq4N+Bh//bEtgns=
+modernc.org/sortutil v1.2.1 h1:+xyoGf15mM3NMlPDnFqrteY07klSFxLElE2PVuWIJ7w=
+modernc.org/sortutil v1.2.1/go.mod h1:7ZI3a3REbai7gzCLcotuw9AC4VZVpYMjDzETGsSMqJE=
+modernc.org/sqlite v1.46.1 h1:eFJ2ShBLIEnUWlLy12raN0Z1plqmFX9Qe3rjQTKt6sU=
+modernc.org/sqlite v1.46.1/go.mod h1:CzbrU2lSB1DKUusvwGz7rqEKIq+NUd8GWuBBZDs9/nA=
+modernc.org/strutil v1.2.1 h1:UneZBkQA+DX2Rp35KcM69cSsNES9ly8mQWD71HKlOA0=
+modernc.org/strutil v1.2.1/go.mod h1:EHkiggD70koQxjVdSBM3JKM7k6L0FbGE5eymy9i3B9A=
+modernc.org/token v1.1.0 h1:Xl7Ap9dKaEs5kLoOQeQmPWevfnk/DM5qcLcYlA8ys6Y=
+modernc.org/token v1.1.0/go.mod h1:UGzOrNV1mAFSEB63lOFHIpNRUVMvYTc6yu1SMY/XTDM=
+rsc.io/qr v0.2.0 h1:6vBLea5/NRMVTz8V66gipeLycZMl/+UlFmk8DvqQ6WY=
+rsc.io/qr v0.2.0/go.mod h1:IF+uZjkb9fqyeF/4tlBoynqmQxUoPfWEKh921coOuXs=
diff --git a/pkg/agent/instance.go b/pkg/agent/instance.go
index a6fd365c7..65a1fe04d 100644
--- a/pkg/agent/instance.go
+++ b/pkg/agent/instance.go
@@ -92,7 +92,47 @@ func NewAgentInstance(
 		Primary:   model,
 		Fallbacks: fallbacks,
 	}
-	candidates := providers.ResolveCandidates(modelCfg, defaults.Provider)
+	resolveFromModelList := func(raw string) (string, bool) {
+		ensureProtocol := func(model string) string {
+			model = strings.TrimSpace(model)
+			if model == "" {
+				return ""
+			}
+			if strings.Contains(model, "/") {
+				return model
+			}
+			return "openai/" + model
+		}
+
+		raw = strings.TrimSpace(raw)
+		if raw == "" {
+			return "", false
+		}
+
+		if cfg != nil {
+			if mc, err := cfg.GetModelConfig(raw); err == nil && mc != nil && strings.TrimSpace(mc.Model) != "" {
+				return ensureProtocol(mc.Model), true
+			}
+
+			for i := range cfg.ModelList {
+				fullModel := strings.TrimSpace(cfg.ModelList[i].Model)
+				if fullModel == "" {
+					continue
+				}
+				if fullModel == raw {
+					return ensureProtocol(fullModel), true
+				}
+				_, modelID := providers.ExtractProtocol(fullModel)
+				if modelID == raw {
+					return ensureProtocol(fullModel), true
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		return "", false
+	}
+
+	candidates := providers.ResolveCandidatesWithLookup(modelCfg, defaults.Provider, resolveFromModelList)
 
 	return &AgentInstance{
 		ID:             agentID,
diff --git a/pkg/agent/instance_test.go b/pkg/agent/instance_test.go
index fcc8e9bea..af1bf2ead 100644
--- a/pkg/agent/instance_test.go
+++ b/pkg/agent/instance_test.go
@@ -93,3 +93,77 @@ func TestNewAgentInstance_DefaultsTemperatureWhenUnset(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("Temperature = %f, want %f", agent.Temperature, 0.7)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestNewAgentInstance_ResolveCandidatesFromModelListAlias(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "agent-instance-test-*")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create temp dir: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpDir)
+
+	cfg := &config.Config{
+		Agents: config.AgentsConfig{
+			Defaults: config.AgentDefaults{
+				Workspace: tmpDir,
+				Model:     "step-3.5-flash",
+			},
+		},
+		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+			{
+				ModelName: "step-3.5-flash",
+				Model:     "openrouter/stepfun/step-3.5-flash:free",
+				APIBase:   "https://openrouter.ai/api/v1",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	provider := &mockProvider{}
+	agent := NewAgentInstance(nil, &cfg.Agents.Defaults, cfg, provider)
+
+	if len(agent.Candidates) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("len(Candidates) = %d, want 1", len(agent.Candidates))
+	}
+	if agent.Candidates[0].Provider != "openrouter" {
+		t.Fatalf("candidate provider = %q, want %q", agent.Candidates[0].Provider, "openrouter")
+	}
+	if agent.Candidates[0].Model != "stepfun/step-3.5-flash:free" {
+		t.Fatalf("candidate model = %q, want %q", agent.Candidates[0].Model, "stepfun/step-3.5-flash:free")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewAgentInstance_ResolveCandidatesFromModelListAliasWithoutProtocol(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "agent-instance-test-*")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create temp dir: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpDir)
+
+	cfg := &config.Config{
+		Agents: config.AgentsConfig{
+			Defaults: config.AgentDefaults{
+				Workspace: tmpDir,
+				Model:     "glm-5",
+			},
+		},
+		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+			{
+				ModelName: "glm-5",
+				Model:     "glm-5",
+				APIBase:   "https://api.z.ai/api/coding/paas/v4",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	provider := &mockProvider{}
+	agent := NewAgentInstance(nil, &cfg.Agents.Defaults, cfg, provider)
+
+	if len(agent.Candidates) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("len(Candidates) = %d, want 1", len(agent.Candidates))
+	}
+	if agent.Candidates[0].Provider != "openai" {
+		t.Fatalf("candidate provider = %q, want %q", agent.Candidates[0].Provider, "openai")
+	}
+	if agent.Candidates[0].Model != "glm-5" {
+		t.Fatalf("candidate model = %q, want %q", agent.Candidates[0].Model, "glm-5")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/agent/loop.go b/pkg/agent/loop.go
index ad36282c8..29827d0b2 100644
--- a/pkg/agent/loop.go
+++ b/pkg/agent/loop.go
@@ -211,6 +211,18 @@ func (al *AgentLoop) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 							ChatID:  msg.ChatID,
 							Content: response,
 						})
+						logger.InfoCF("agent", "Published outbound response",
+							map[string]any{
+								"channel":     msg.Channel,
+								"chat_id":     msg.ChatID,
+								"content_len": len(response),
+							})
+					} else {
+						logger.DebugCF(
+							"agent",
+							"Skipped outbound (message tool already sent)",
+							map[string]any{"channel": msg.Channel},
+						)
 					}
 				}
 			}()
@@ -312,6 +324,9 @@ func (al *AgentLoop) ProcessDirectWithChannel(
 // Each heartbeat is independent and doesn't accumulate context.
 func (al *AgentLoop) ProcessHeartbeat(ctx context.Context, content, channel, chatID string) (string, error) {
 	agent := al.registry.GetDefaultAgent()
+	if agent == nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("no default agent for heartbeat")
+	}
 	return al.runAgentLoop(ctx, agent, processOptions{
 		SessionKey:      "heartbeat",
 		Channel:         channel,
@@ -364,6 +379,16 @@ func (al *AgentLoop) processMessage(ctx context.Context, msg bus.InboundMessage)
 	if !ok {
 		agent = al.registry.GetDefaultAgent()
 	}
+	if agent == nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("no agent available for route (agent_id=%s)", route.AgentID)
+	}
+
+	// Reset message-tool state for this round so we don't skip publishing due to a previous round.
+	if tool, ok := agent.Tools.Get("message"); ok {
+		if mt, ok := tool.(tools.ContextualTool); ok {
+			mt.SetContext(msg.Channel, msg.ChatID)
+		}
+	}
 
 	// Use routed session key, but honor pre-set agent-scoped keys (for ProcessDirect/cron)
 	sessionKey := route.SessionKey
@@ -430,6 +455,9 @@ func (al *AgentLoop) processSystemMessage(ctx context.Context, msg bus.InboundMe
 
 	// Use default agent for system messages
 	agent := al.registry.GetDefaultAgent()
+	if agent == nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("no default agent for system message")
+	}
 
 	// Use the origin session for context
 	sessionKey := routing.BuildAgentMainSessionKey(agent.ID)
diff --git a/pkg/channels/manager.go b/pkg/channels/manager.go
index af0baf63c..3cf3e5a16 100644
--- a/pkg/channels/manager.go
+++ b/pkg/channels/manager.go
@@ -210,8 +210,13 @@ func (m *Manager) initChannels() error {
 		m.initChannel("telegram", "Telegram")
 	}
 
-	if m.config.Channels.WhatsApp.Enabled && m.config.Channels.WhatsApp.BridgeURL != "" {
-		m.initChannel("whatsapp", "WhatsApp")
+	if m.config.Channels.WhatsApp.Enabled {
+		waCfg := m.config.Channels.WhatsApp
+		if waCfg.UseNative {
+			m.initChannel("whatsapp_native", "WhatsApp Native")
+		} else if waCfg.BridgeURL != "" {
+			m.initChannel("whatsapp", "WhatsApp")
+		}
 	}
 
 	if m.config.Channels.Feishu.Enabled {
diff --git a/pkg/channels/telegram/telegram_commands.go b/pkg/channels/telegram/telegram_commands.go
index ee3bfef51..496fc5e4f 100644
--- a/pkg/channels/telegram/telegram_commands.go
+++ b/pkg/channels/telegram/telegram_commands.go
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ func (c *cmd) List(ctx context.Context, message telego.Message) error {
 		if provider == "" {
 			provider = "configured default"
 		}
-		response = fmt.Sprintf("Configured Model: %s\nProvider: %s\n\nTo change models, update config.yaml",
+		response = fmt.Sprintf("Configured Model: %s\nProvider: %s\n\nTo change models, update config.json",
 			c.config.Agents.Defaults.GetModelName(), provider)
 
 	case "channels":
diff --git a/pkg/channels/whatsapp_native/init.go b/pkg/channels/whatsapp_native/init.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..df13e8539
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/channels/whatsapp_native/init.go
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package whatsapp
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/bus"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	channels.RegisterFactory("whatsapp_native", func(cfg *config.Config, b *bus.MessageBus) (channels.Channel, error) {
+		waCfg := cfg.Channels.WhatsApp
+		storePath := waCfg.SessionStorePath
+		if storePath == "" {
+			storePath = filepath.Join(cfg.WorkspacePath(), "whatsapp")
+		}
+		return NewWhatsAppNativeChannel(waCfg, b, storePath)
+	})
+}
diff --git a/pkg/channels/whatsapp_native/whatsapp_native.go b/pkg/channels/whatsapp_native/whatsapp_native.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..23115bda7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/channels/whatsapp_native/whatsapp_native.go
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+//go:build whatsapp_native
+
+// PicoClaw - Ultra-lightweight personal AI agent
+// License: MIT
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2026 PicoClaw contributors
+
+package whatsapp
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/mdp/qrterminal/v3"
+	"go.mau.fi/whatsmeow"
+	"go.mau.fi/whatsmeow/proto/waE2E"
+	"go.mau.fi/whatsmeow/store/sqlstore"
+	"go.mau.fi/whatsmeow/types"
+	"go.mau.fi/whatsmeow/types/events"
+	waLog "go.mau.fi/whatsmeow/util/log"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
+	_ "modernc.org/sqlite"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/bus"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/identity"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/logger"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/utils"
+)
+
+const (
+	sqliteDriver   = "sqlite"
+	whatsappDBName = "store.db"
+
+	reconnectInitial    = 5 * time.Second
+	reconnectMax        = 5 * time.Minute
+	reconnectMultiplier = 2.0
+)
+
+// WhatsAppNativeChannel implements the WhatsApp channel using whatsmeow (in-process, no external bridge).
+type WhatsAppNativeChannel struct {
+	*channels.BaseChannel
+	config       config.WhatsAppConfig
+	storePath    string
+	client       *whatsmeow.Client
+	container    *sqlstore.Container
+	mu           sync.Mutex
+	runCtx       context.Context
+	runCancel    context.CancelFunc
+	reconnectMu  sync.Mutex
+	reconnecting bool
+}
+
+// NewWhatsAppNativeChannel creates a WhatsApp channel that uses whatsmeow for connection.
+// storePath is the directory for the SQLite session store (e.g. workspace/whatsapp).
+func NewWhatsAppNativeChannel(
+	cfg config.WhatsAppConfig,
+	bus *bus.MessageBus,
+	storePath string,
+) (channels.Channel, error) {
+	base := channels.NewBaseChannel("whatsapp_native", cfg, bus, cfg.AllowFrom, channels.WithMaxMessageLength(65536))
+	if storePath == "" {
+		storePath = "whatsapp"
+	}
+	c := &WhatsAppNativeChannel{
+		BaseChannel: base,
+		config:      cfg,
+		storePath:   storePath,
+	}
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+func (c *WhatsAppNativeChannel) Start(ctx context.Context) error {
+	logger.InfoCF("whatsapp", "Starting WhatsApp native channel (whatsmeow)", map[string]any{"store": c.storePath})
+
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(c.storePath, 0o700); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create session store dir: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	dbPath := filepath.Join(c.storePath, whatsappDBName)
+	connStr := "file:" + dbPath + "?_foreign_keys=on"
+
+	db, err := sql.Open(sqliteDriver, connStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("open whatsapp store: %w", err)
+	}
+	db.SetMaxOpenConns(1)
+	db.SetMaxIdleConns(1)
+	if _, err = db.ExecContext(ctx, "PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON"); err != nil {
+		_ = db.Close()
+		return fmt.Errorf("enable foreign keys: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	waLogger := waLog.Stdout("WhatsApp", "WARN", true)
+	container := sqlstore.NewWithDB(db, sqliteDriver, waLogger)
+	if err = container.Upgrade(ctx); err != nil {
+		_ = db.Close()
+		return fmt.Errorf("open whatsapp store: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	deviceStore, err := container.GetFirstDevice(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = container.Close()
+		return fmt.Errorf("get device store: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	client := whatsmeow.NewClient(deviceStore, waLogger)
+	client.AddEventHandler(c.eventHandler)
+
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	c.container = container
+	c.client = client
+	c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if client.Store.ID == nil {
+		qrChan, err := client.GetQRChannel(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			_ = container.Close()
+			return fmt.Errorf("get QR channel: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := client.Connect(); err != nil {
+			_ = container.Close()
+			return fmt.Errorf("connect: %w", err)
+		}
+		for evt := range qrChan {
+			if evt.Event == "code" {
+				logger.InfoCF("whatsapp", "Scan this QR code with WhatsApp (Linked Devices):", nil)
+				qrterminal.GenerateWithConfig(evt.Code, qrterminal.Config{
+					Level:      qrterminal.L,
+					Writer:     os.Stdout,
+					HalfBlocks: true,
+				})
+			} else {
+				logger.InfoCF("whatsapp", "WhatsApp login event", map[string]any{"event": evt.Event})
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		if err := client.Connect(); err != nil {
+			_ = container.Close()
+			return fmt.Errorf("connect: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	c.runCtx, c.runCancel = context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	c.SetRunning(true)
+	logger.InfoC("whatsapp", "WhatsApp native channel connected")
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *WhatsAppNativeChannel) Stop(ctx context.Context) error {
+	logger.InfoC("whatsapp", "Stopping WhatsApp native channel")
+	if c.runCancel != nil {
+		c.runCancel()
+	}
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	client := c.client
+	container := c.container
+	c.client = nil
+	c.container = nil
+	c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if client != nil {
+		client.Disconnect()
+	}
+	if container != nil {
+		_ = container.Close()
+	}
+	c.SetRunning(false)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *WhatsAppNativeChannel) eventHandler(evt any) {
+	switch evt.(type) {
+	case *events.Message:
+		c.handleIncoming(evt.(*events.Message))
+	case *events.Disconnected:
+		logger.InfoCF("whatsapp", "WhatsApp disconnected, will attempt reconnection", nil)
+		c.reconnectMu.Lock()
+		if c.reconnecting {
+			c.reconnectMu.Unlock()
+			return
+		}
+		c.reconnecting = true
+		c.reconnectMu.Unlock()
+		go c.reconnectWithBackoff()
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *WhatsAppNativeChannel) reconnectWithBackoff() {
+	defer func() {
+		c.reconnectMu.Lock()
+		c.reconnecting = false
+		c.reconnectMu.Unlock()
+	}()
+
+	backoff := reconnectInitial
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-c.runCtx.Done():
+			return
+		default:
+		}
+
+		c.mu.Lock()
+		client := c.client
+		c.mu.Unlock()
+		if client == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		logger.InfoCF("whatsapp", "WhatsApp reconnecting", map[string]any{"backoff": backoff.String()})
+		err := client.Connect()
+		if err == nil {
+			logger.InfoC("whatsapp", "WhatsApp reconnected")
+			return
+		}
+
+		logger.WarnCF("whatsapp", "WhatsApp reconnect failed", map[string]any{"error": err.Error()})
+
+		select {
+		case <-c.runCtx.Done():
+			return
+		case <-time.After(backoff):
+			if backoff < reconnectMax {
+				next := time.Duration(float64(backoff) * reconnectMultiplier)
+				if next > reconnectMax {
+					next = reconnectMax
+				}
+				backoff = next
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *WhatsAppNativeChannel) handleIncoming(evt *events.Message) {
+	if evt.Message == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	senderID := evt.Info.Sender.String()
+	chatID := evt.Info.Chat.String()
+	content := evt.Message.GetConversation()
+	if content == "" && evt.Message.ExtendedTextMessage != nil {
+		content = evt.Message.ExtendedTextMessage.GetText()
+	}
+	content = utils.SanitizeMessageContent(content)
+
+	if content == "" {
+		return
+	}
+
+	var mediaPaths []string
+
+	metadata := make(map[string]string)
+	metadata["message_id"] = evt.Info.ID
+	if evt.Info.PushName != "" {
+		metadata["user_name"] = evt.Info.PushName
+	}
+	if evt.Info.Chat.Server == types.GroupServer {
+		metadata["peer_kind"] = "group"
+		metadata["peer_id"] = chatID
+	} else {
+		metadata["peer_kind"] = "direct"
+		metadata["peer_id"] = senderID
+	}
+
+	peerKind := "direct"
+	if evt.Info.Chat.Server == types.GroupServer {
+		peerKind = "group"
+	}
+	peer := bus.Peer{Kind: peerKind, ID: chatID}
+	messageID := evt.Info.ID
+	sender := bus.SenderInfo{
+		Platform:    "whatsapp",
+		PlatformID:  senderID,
+		CanonicalID: identity.BuildCanonicalID("whatsapp", senderID),
+		DisplayName: evt.Info.PushName,
+	}
+
+	if !c.IsAllowedSender(sender) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	logger.DebugCF(
+		"whatsapp",
+		"WhatsApp message received",
+		map[string]any{"sender_id": senderID, "content_preview": utils.Truncate(content, 50)},
+	)
+	c.HandleMessage(c.runCtx, peer, messageID, senderID, chatID, content, mediaPaths, metadata, sender)
+}
+
+func (c *WhatsAppNativeChannel) Send(ctx context.Context, msg bus.OutboundMessage) error {
+	if !c.IsRunning() {
+		return channels.ErrNotRunning
+	}
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return ctx.Err()
+	default:
+	}
+
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	client := c.client
+	c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if client == nil || !client.IsConnected() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("whatsapp connection not established: %w", channels.ErrTemporary)
+	}
+
+	to, err := parseJID(msg.ChatID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid chat id %q: %w", msg.ChatID, err)
+	}
+
+	waMsg := &waE2E.Message{
+		Conversation: proto.String(msg.Content),
+	}
+
+	if _, err = client.SendMessage(ctx, to, waMsg); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("whatsapp send: %w", channels.ErrTemporary)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// parseJID converts a chat ID (phone number or JID string) to types.JID.
+func parseJID(s string) (types.JID, error) {
+	s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
+	if s == "" {
+		return types.JID{}, fmt.Errorf("empty chat id")
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(s, "@") {
+		return types.ParseJID(s)
+	}
+	return types.NewJID(s, types.DefaultUserServer), nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/channels/whatsapp_native/whatsapp_native_stub.go b/pkg/channels/whatsapp_native/whatsapp_native_stub.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..984af23e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/channels/whatsapp_native/whatsapp_native_stub.go
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//go:build !whatsapp_native
+
+package whatsapp
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/bus"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+)
+
+// NewWhatsAppNativeChannel returns an error when the binary was not built with -tags whatsapp_native.
+// Build with: go build -tags whatsapp_native ./cmd/...
+func NewWhatsAppNativeChannel(
+	cfg config.WhatsAppConfig,
+	bus *bus.MessageBus,
+	storePath string,
+) (channels.Channel, error) {
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("whatsapp native not compiled in; build with -tags whatsapp_native")
+}
diff --git a/pkg/config/config.go b/pkg/config/config.go
index 20cb4de3a..c6bfe8404 100644
--- a/pkg/config/config.go
+++ b/pkg/config/config.go
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ type AgentDefaults struct {
 	RestrictToWorkspace bool     `json:"restrict_to_workspace"           env:"PICOCLAW_AGENTS_DEFAULTS_RESTRICT_TO_WORKSPACE"`
 	Provider            string   `json:"provider"                        env:"PICOCLAW_AGENTS_DEFAULTS_PROVIDER"`
 	ModelName           string   `json:"model_name,omitempty"            env:"PICOCLAW_AGENTS_DEFAULTS_MODEL_NAME"`
-	Model               string   `json:"model,omitempty"                 env:"PICOCLAW_AGENTS_DEFAULTS_MODEL"` // Deprecated: use model_name instead
+	Model               string   `json:"model"                           env:"PICOCLAW_AGENTS_DEFAULTS_MODEL"` // Deprecated: use model_name instead
 	ModelFallbacks      []string `json:"model_fallbacks,omitempty"`
 	ImageModel          string   `json:"image_model,omitempty"           env:"PICOCLAW_AGENTS_DEFAULTS_IMAGE_MODEL"`
 	ImageModelFallbacks []string `json:"image_model_fallbacks,omitempty"`
@@ -227,6 +227,8 @@ type PlaceholderConfig struct {
 type WhatsAppConfig struct {
 	Enabled            bool                `json:"enabled"              env:"PICOCLAW_CHANNELS_WHATSAPP_ENABLED"`
 	BridgeURL          string              `json:"bridge_url"           env:"PICOCLAW_CHANNELS_WHATSAPP_BRIDGE_URL"`
+	UseNative          bool                `json:"use_native"           env:"PICOCLAW_CHANNELS_WHATSAPP_USE_NATIVE"`
+	SessionStorePath   string              `json:"session_store_path"   env:"PICOCLAW_CHANNELS_WHATSAPP_SESSION_STORE_PATH"`
 	AllowFrom          FlexibleStringSlice `json:"allow_from"           env:"PICOCLAW_CHANNELS_WHATSAPP_ALLOW_FROM"`
 	ReasoningChannelID string              `json:"reasoning_channel_id" env:"PICOCLAW_CHANNELS_WHATSAPP_REASONING_CHANNEL_ID"`
 }
diff --git a/pkg/config/config_test.go b/pkg/config/config_test.go
index 45cdd8ec8..12fd10b50 100644
--- a/pkg/config/config_test.go
+++ b/pkg/config/config_test.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )
 
@@ -324,6 +325,25 @@ func TestSaveConfig_FilePermissions(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestSaveConfig_IncludesEmptyLegacyModelField(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	path := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "config.json")
+
+	cfg := DefaultConfig()
+	if err := SaveConfig(path, cfg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("SaveConfig failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ReadFile failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if !strings.Contains(string(data), `"model": ""`) {
+		t.Fatalf("saved config should include empty legacy model field, got: %s", string(data))
+	}
+}
+
 // TestConfig_Complete verifies all config fields are set
 func TestConfig_Complete(t *testing.T) {
 	cfg := DefaultConfig()
diff --git a/pkg/config/defaults.go b/pkg/config/defaults.go
index f42099310..3047f0536 100644
--- a/pkg/config/defaults.go
+++ b/pkg/config/defaults.go
@@ -25,9 +25,11 @@ func DefaultConfig() *Config {
 		},
 		Channels: ChannelsConfig{
 			WhatsApp: WhatsAppConfig{
-				Enabled:   false,
-				BridgeURL: "ws://localhost:3001",
-				AllowFrom: FlexibleStringSlice{},
+				Enabled:          false,
+				BridgeURL:        "ws://localhost:3001",
+				UseNative:        false,
+				SessionStorePath: "",
+				AllowFrom:        FlexibleStringSlice{},
 			},
 			Telegram: TelegramConfig{
 				Enabled:   false,
diff --git a/pkg/migrate/config.go b/pkg/migrate/config.go
index 869b39827..ea91565e8 100644
--- a/pkg/migrate/config.go
+++ b/pkg/migrate/config.go
@@ -165,6 +165,12 @@ func ConvertConfig(data map[string]any) (*config.Config, []string, error) {
 				if v, ok := getString(cMap, "bridge_url"); ok {
 					cfg.Channels.WhatsApp.BridgeURL = v
 				}
+				if v, ok := getBool(cMap, "use_native"); ok {
+					cfg.Channels.WhatsApp.UseNative = v
+				}
+				if v, ok := getString(cMap, "session_store_path"); ok {
+					cfg.Channels.WhatsApp.SessionStorePath = v
+				}
 			case "feishu":
 				cfg.Channels.Feishu.Enabled = enabled
 				cfg.Channels.Feishu.AllowFrom = allowFrom
diff --git a/pkg/providers/fallback.go b/pkg/providers/fallback.go
index ecd451ec9..7ba563b66 100644
--- a/pkg/providers/fallback.go
+++ b/pkg/providers/fallback.go
@@ -43,11 +43,26 @@ func NewFallbackChain(cooldown *CooldownTracker) *FallbackChain {
 
 // ResolveCandidates parses model config into a deduplicated candidate list.
 func ResolveCandidates(cfg ModelConfig, defaultProvider string) []FallbackCandidate {
+	return ResolveCandidatesWithLookup(cfg, defaultProvider, nil)
+}
+
+func ResolveCandidatesWithLookup(
+	cfg ModelConfig,
+	defaultProvider string,
+	lookup func(raw string) (resolved string, ok bool),
+) []FallbackCandidate {
 	seen := make(map[string]bool)
 	var candidates []FallbackCandidate
 
 	addCandidate := func(raw string) {
-		ref := ParseModelRef(raw, defaultProvider)
+		candidateRaw := strings.TrimSpace(raw)
+		if lookup != nil {
+			if resolved, ok := lookup(candidateRaw); ok {
+				candidateRaw = resolved
+			}
+		}
+
+		ref := ParseModelRef(candidateRaw, defaultProvider)
 		if ref == nil {
 			return
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/providers/fallback_test.go b/pkg/providers/fallback_test.go
index ebba054ef..1783ebcb5 100644
--- a/pkg/providers/fallback_test.go
+++ b/pkg/providers/fallback_test.go
@@ -453,6 +453,75 @@ func TestResolveCandidates_EmptyPrimary(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestResolveCandidatesWithLookup_AliasResolvesToNestedModel(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := ModelConfig{
+		Primary:   "step-3.5-flash",
+		Fallbacks: nil,
+	}
+
+	lookup := func(raw string) (string, bool) {
+		if raw == "step-3.5-flash" {
+			return "openrouter/stepfun/step-3.5-flash:free", true
+		}
+		return "", false
+	}
+
+	candidates := ResolveCandidatesWithLookup(cfg, "", lookup)
+	if len(candidates) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("candidates = %d, want 1", len(candidates))
+	}
+	if candidates[0].Provider != "openrouter" {
+		t.Fatalf("provider = %q, want openrouter", candidates[0].Provider)
+	}
+	if candidates[0].Model != "stepfun/step-3.5-flash:free" {
+		t.Fatalf("model = %q, want stepfun/step-3.5-flash:free", candidates[0].Model)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveCandidatesWithLookup_DeduplicateAfterLookup(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := ModelConfig{
+		Primary:   "step-3.5-flash",
+		Fallbacks: []string{"openrouter/stepfun/step-3.5-flash:free"},
+	}
+
+	lookup := func(raw string) (string, bool) {
+		if raw == "step-3.5-flash" {
+			return "openrouter/stepfun/step-3.5-flash:free", true
+		}
+		return "", false
+	}
+
+	candidates := ResolveCandidatesWithLookup(cfg, "", lookup)
+	if len(candidates) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("candidates = %d, want 1", len(candidates))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveCandidatesWithLookup_AliasWithoutProtocolUsesDefaultProvider(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := ModelConfig{
+		Primary:   "glm-5",
+		Fallbacks: nil,
+	}
+
+	lookup := func(raw string) (string, bool) {
+		if raw == "glm-5" {
+			return "glm-5", true
+		}
+		return "", false
+	}
+
+	candidates := ResolveCandidatesWithLookup(cfg, "openai", lookup)
+	if len(candidates) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("candidates = %d, want 1", len(candidates))
+	}
+	if candidates[0].Provider != "openai" {
+		t.Fatalf("provider = %q, want openai", candidates[0].Provider)
+	}
+	if candidates[0].Model != "glm-5" {
+		t.Fatalf("model = %q, want glm-5", candidates[0].Model)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestFallbackExhaustedError_Message(t *testing.T) {
 	e := &FallbackExhaustedError{
 		Attempts: []FallbackAttempt{
diff --git a/pkg/utils/string.go b/pkg/utils/string.go
index 62d9beee0..02f346db4 100644
--- a/pkg/utils/string.go
+++ b/pkg/utils/string.go
@@ -1,5 +1,31 @@
 package utils
 
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+// SanitizeMessageContent removes Unicode control characters, format characters (RTL overrides,
+// zero-width characters), and other non-graphic characters that could confuse an LLM
+// or cause display issues in the agent UI.
+func SanitizeMessageContent(input string) string {
+	var sb strings.Builder
+	// Pre-allocate memory to avoid multiple allocations
+	sb.Grow(len(input))
+
+	for _, r := range input {
+		// unicode.IsGraphic returns true if the rune is a Unicode graphic character.
+		// This includes letters, marks, numbers, punctuation, and symbols.
+		// It excludes control characters (Cc), format characters (Cf),
+		// surrogates (Cs), and private use (Co).
+		if unicode.IsGraphic(r) || r == '\n' || r == '\r' || r == '\t' {
+			sb.WriteRune(r)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return sb.String()
+}
+
 // Truncate returns a truncated version of s with at most maxLen runes.
 // Handles multi-byte Unicode characters properly.
 // If the string is truncated, "..." is appended to indicate truncation.
diff --git a/pkg/utils/string_test.go b/pkg/utils/string_test.go
index a44ead228..e3b5af052 100644
--- a/pkg/utils/string_test.go
+++ b/pkg/utils/string_test.go
@@ -104,3 +104,27 @@ func TestTruncate(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestSanitizeMessageContent(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name  string
+		input string
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{"empty", "", ""},
+		{"plain text unchanged", "Hello world", "Hello world"},
+		{"strip ZWSP", "Hello\u200bworld", "Helloworld"},
+		{"strip RTL override", "Hi\u202eevil", "Hievil"},
+		{"strip BOM", "\uFEFFcontent", "content"},
+		{"strip multiple", "a\u200c\u202ab\u202cc", "abc"},
+		{"unicode letters preserved", "café \u65e5\u672c\u8a9e", "café \u65e5\u672c\u8a9e"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := SanitizeMessageContent(tt.input)
+			if got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("SanitizeMessageContent(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.input, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}